Introduction

Dental Cavities Basics

Dental cavities, also known as tooth decay or caries, are holes that form in the hard outer layer of teeth (enamel) due to acid attacks from plaque bacteria.

Plaque is a sticky biofilm that forms on teeth after eating or drinking, especially sugary foods and drinks.

When plaque is not removed regularly, it can harden into tartar, making it even more difficult to remove.

Symptoms of Dental Cavities

The symptoms of dental cavities can vary depending on the severity of the decay. Early cavities may not cause any noticeable symptoms.

However, as the cavity progresses, you may experience:

• Toothache
• Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks
• Visible holes or dark spots on teeth
• Bad breath

Causes of Dental Cavities

• The main cause of dental cavities is plaque bacteria.
• When you eat or drink sugary foods and drinks, the bacteria in plaque produce acids that break down the enamel on your teeth.
• This process is called demineralization. If the demineralization process continues, it can eventually lead to a cavity.

Other factors that can increase your risk of developing dental cavities include:

• Poor oral hygiene
• Dry mouth
• Acidic foods and drinks
• Certain medications
• Genetic predisposition

Prevention of Dental Cavities

There are several things you can do to prevent dental cavities:

• Brush your teeth twice a day for two minutes each time with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste.
• Floss once a day to remove plaque from between teeth.
• Eat a healthy diet that is low in sugar.
• Drink plenty of water to help neutralize acids in your mouth.
• See your dentist for regular checkups and cleanings.

Treatment of Dental Cavities

• The treatment for dental cavities depends on the severity of the decay.
• For early cavities, your dentist may recommend fluoride treatment to help remineralize the enamel.
• For more severe cavities, a filling may be necessary to repair the hole. In some cases, a root canal may be needed if the decay has reached the pulp of the tooth.

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Conclusion

Dental cavities are a common problem, but they are preventable.

By practicing good oral hygiene, eating a healthy diet, and seeing your dentist for regular checkups and cleanings, you can help keep your teeth healthy and cavity-free.